Ufw
Apparence
Liens
Configuration
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Once a rule is matched the others will not be evaluated so you must put the specific rules first. |
# lister les règles
ufw status verbose
# lister les commandes qui ont permis d'ajouter des règles
ufw show added
# autoriser les connections tcp sur le port 53
ufw allow 53/tcp comment 'DNS tcp 53'
# autoriser une ip à accéder au port 22 en tcp quelle que soit la destination (any)
ufw allow from 192.168.0.1 to any port 22 proto tcp
# supprimer le règle qui autorise les connections tcp sur le port 53
ufw deny 53/tcp
# lister les régles avec leur numéro
ufw status numbered
# supprimer la règle numéro 2
ufw delete 2
# insérer une règle en position 1
ufw insert 1 allow 53/tcp
# interdire les connections udp sur le port 53
ufw deny 53/udp
# allow any protocol from inside 192.168.0.0/24 LAN
ufw allow from 192.168.0.0/24
# allow incoming rate limited SSH traffic from anywhere
ufw limit ssh
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Applications
# lister les configurations pour les applications (/etc/ufw/applications.d/*)
ufw app list
# appliquer la configuration de l'application [appname]
ufw allow [appname] comment 'tcp xx'
# only for packages from 192.168.0.0/24
ufw allow from 192.168.0.0/24 to any app [appname]
# only for packages to 192.168.0.0/24
ufw allow to 192.168.0.0/24 app [appname]
# ne plus appliquer la configuration de l'application [appname]
ufw delete allow [appname]
# update ufw after having modified the [appname] config file
ufw app update [appname]
# display the info on the [appname] config file
ufw app info [appname]
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Applications custom
/etc/ufw/applications.d/dnsmasq |
[DNS]
title=DNS server
description=DNS server
ports=53
[DHCP]
title=DHCP server
description=DHCP server
ports=67,68/udp
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/etc/ufw/applications.d/openvpn |
[VPN]
title=VPN server
description=VPN server
ports=1194/udp
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/etc/ufw/applications.d/transmission |
[Torrent]
title=Torrent server
description=Torrent server
ports=9091/tcp|51413
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/etc/ufw/applications.d/amule |
[Amule]
title=Amule server
description=Amule server
ports=4662,4711,4712/tcp|4665,4672/udp
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/etc/ufw/applications.d/minidlna |
[DLNA]
title=MiniDLNA
description=DLNA media streaming server
ports=8200/tcp|1900/udp
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/etc/ufw/applications.d/gogs |
[GOGS]
title=Gogs
description=A painless self-hosted Git service
ports=3000/tcp
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Démarrage / status
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Ne pas oublier d'ouvrir le port SSH avant de démarrer UFW. |
# démarre/stoppe ufw et l'ajoute/le retire des programmes à lancer au démarrage
ufw enable
ufw disable
# démarre ufw
ufw reload
# redémarrer le firewall
sudo service ufw restart
sudo ufw reload
# lister les régles
ufw status verbose
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Règles
/etc/ufw/before.rules |
-A ufw-before-input -p 2 -d 224.0.0.1 -j ACCEPT |
/etc/ufw/before6.rules |
# règle pour autoriser le multicast
-A ufw6-before-input -p icmpv6 --icmpv6-type 130 -s fe80::/10 -j ACCEPT
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ufw deny from 0.0.0.0 |
ipset
Add drop rules which match ipset sets
/etc/ufw/before.rules |
# drop packets from [set-name]
-I INPUT -m set --match-set [set-name] src -j DROP
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Sets have to be created before ufw starts: force netfilter-persistent.service to start before ufw.
/lib/systemd/system/netfilter-persistent.service |
Before=network-pre.target shutdown.target ufw.service
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Geo IP block
ai geoip-database geoip-bin geoipupdate xtables-addons-common
# test
geoiplookup 58.22.14.217
GeoIP Country Edition: CN, China
modprobe xt_geoip
lsmod | grep ^xt_geoip
iptables -m geoip -h
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/etc/ufw/before.rules |
# drops all traffic from RU and CN
-A ufw-before-input -m geoip --src-cc RU,CN -j DROP
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Log
/var/log/ufw.log
Erreurs
# analyze blocked packages
sudo tcpdump -p host 224.0.0.1
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UFW ne se lance pas au démarrage
Utiliser cron
En l'absence de solution, cron peut lancer UFW après un reboot.
crontab |
@reboot root ufw enable
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Modifier le service UFW
/lib/systemd/system/ufw.service |
#Before=network.target
After=network-pre.target # doesn't work
After=netfilter-persistent.service # doesn't work
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[UFW BLOCK] SRC=192.168.0.254 DST=224.0.0.1 PROTO=2
/etc/ufw/before.rules |
# [UFW BLOCK] IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=XX:...:XX SRC=192.168.0.254 DST=224.0.0.1 LEN=32 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x80 TTL=1 ID=0 DF PROTO=2
# livebox.home > all-systems.mcast.net: igmp query v2
# drop multicast IGMP packages sent by the livebox
-A ufw-before-input -i eth0 -s 192.168.0.254 -d 224.0.0.1 -p igmp -j DROP
# ??? allow MULTICAST mDNS for service discovery ???
-A ufw-before-input -i eth0 -p udp -d 224.0.0.1 -s 192.168.0.254 --dport 5353 -j ACCEPT
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[UFW BLOCK] SRC=192.168.0.x DST=239.255.255.250
/etc/ufw/before.rules |
# allow MULTICAST UPnP for service discovery
-A ufw-before-input -p udp -d 239.255.255.250 --dport 1900 -j ACCEPT
# IN=eth0 OUT= MAC= SRC=192.168.0.x DST=239.255.255.250 LEN=32 TOS=0x00 PREC=0xC0 TTL=1 ID=0 DF PROTO=2
-A ufw-before-input -i eth0 -p igmp -d 239.255.255.250 -s 192.168.0.x -j ACCEPT
# allow Web Services Dynamic Discovery (port 3702 on IP multicast 239.255.255.250)
# IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=XX:..:XX SRC=192.168.0.x DST=239.255.255.250 LEN=684 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=1 ID=22271 PROTO=UDP SPT=58421 DPT=3702 LEN=664
-A ufw-before-input -i eth0 -p udp -s 192.168.0.0/24 -d 239.255.255.250 --dport 3702 -j ACCEPT
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[UFW BLOCK] RST
/etc/ufw/before.rules |
# [UFW BLOCK] IN=eth0 OUT= PROTO=TCP RST
-A ufw-before-input -i eth0 -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL RST -j DROP
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[UFW BLOCK] DPT=853
Port 853 is used by DNS over TLS service.
/etc/ufw/before.rules |
# [UFW BLOCK] IN=eth0 SRC=192.168.a.b DST=192.168.x.y PROTO=TCP DPT=853
-A ufw-before-input -i eth0 -d 192.168.x.y -p tcp --dport 853 -j DROP
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