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Version du 20 août 2023 à 20:05

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ProcessStartInfo

Exécuter un fichier ou une commande

using System.Diagnostics;

// en une ligne
Process.Start("C:\chemin\fichier.exe", "paramètre1 paramètre2").WaitForExit();

// ProcessStartInfo?
Process.Start(new ProcessStartInfo("CheminVersLeFichier"));

// Avec des options
ProcessStartInfo psi = new ProcessStartInfo("exe", "paramètre1 paramètre2");
psi.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden; // masque le processus
Process proc = Process.Start(psi);
proc.WaitForExit(); // Attend que le processus se termine

// Lecture de la sortie
ProcessStartInfo psi = new ProcessStartInfo("/chemin/script.sh", "paramètre1 paramètre2");
psi.UseShellExecute = false;
psi.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
// par défaut, le working directory est celui de l'application appelante
// on peut donc le redéfinir pour qu'il corresponde au chemin du script appelé
psi.WorkingDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName("/chemin/script.sh");
Process process = Process.Start(psi);
string processOutput = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
process.WaitForExit();

// écoute d'output et d'error
command = command.Replace("\"", "\\\"");
var process = new Process()
{
    StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
    {
        FileName = "/bin/bash",
        Arguments = $"-c \"{command}\"",
        RedirectStandardOutput = true,
        RedirectStandardError = true,
        UseShellExecute = false,
        CreateNoWindow = true,
    }
};

process.OutputDataReceived += (a, b) => Console.WriteLine(b.Data);
process.ErrorDataReceived += (a, b) => Console.WriteLine(b.Data);

process.Start();
process.BeginErrorReadLine();
process.BeginOutputReadLine();

process.WaitForExit();

Le WorkingDirectory du nouveau process sera le même que celui du process appelant et non le chemin vers l'exe du nouveau process.

Execute shell commands

Some shell commands rewrite on the current line, to keep the same visual as the original command, use {{{1}}}.

var processInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
{
    FileName = "borg",
    Arguments = $"create --verbose --progress --stats --compression lz4 \"{archive}\"::{{now:%Y-%m-%d}} {paths}",
    UseShellExecute = true,
    WorkingDirectory = "/path/folder"
};
processInfo.EnvironmentVariables["BORG_PASSPHRASE"] = borgPassword;

var process = new Process()
{
    StartInfo = processInfo
};

process.Start();
process.WaitForExit();

Lister tous les processus qui utilisent un fichier

static public class FileUtil
{
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    struct RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS
    {
        public int dwProcessId;
        public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ProcessStartTime;
    }

    const int RmRebootReasonNone = 0;
    const int CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME = 255;
    const int CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME = 63;

    enum RM_APP_TYPE
    {
        RmUnknownApp = 0,
        RmMainWindow = 1,
        RmOtherWindow = 2,
        RmService = 3,
        RmExplorer = 4,
        RmConsole = 5,
        RmCritical = 1000
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    struct RM_PROCESS_INFO
    {
        public RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS Process;

        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME + 1)]
        public string strAppName;

        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME + 1)]
        public string strServiceShortName;

        public RM_APP_TYPE ApplicationType;
        public uint AppStatus;
        public uint TSSessionId;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        public bool bRestartable;
    }

    [DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    static extern int RmRegisterResources(uint pSessionHandle,
                                            UInt32 nFiles,
                                            string[] rgsFilenames,
                                            UInt32 nApplications,
                                            [In] RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS[] rgApplications,
                                            UInt32 nServices,
                                            string[] rgsServiceNames);

    [DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    static extern int RmStartSession(out uint pSessionHandle, int dwSessionFlags, string strSessionKey);

    [DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
    static extern int RmEndSession(uint pSessionHandle);

    [DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
    static extern int RmGetList(uint dwSessionHandle,
                                out uint pnProcInfoNeeded,
                                ref uint pnProcInfo,
                                [In, Out] RM_PROCESS_INFO[] rgAffectedApps,
                                ref uint lpdwRebootReasons);

    /// <summary>
    /// Find out what process(es) have a lock on the specified file.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="path">Path of the file.</param>
    /// <returns>Processes locking the file</returns>
    /// <remarks>See also:
    /// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa373661(v=vs.85).aspx
    /// http://wyupdate.googlecode.com/svn-history/r401/trunk/frmFilesInUse.cs (no copyright in code at time of viewing)
    /// 
    /// </remarks>
    static public List<Process> WhoIsLocking(string path)
    {
        uint handle;
        string key = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
        List<Process> processes = new List<Process>();

        int res = RmStartSession(out handle, 0, key);
        if (res != 0) throw new Exception("Could not begin restart session. Unable to determine file locker.");

        try
        {
            const int ERROR_MORE_DATA = 234;
            uint pnProcInfoNeeded = 0,
                    pnProcInfo = 0,
                    lpdwRebootReasons = RmRebootReasonNone;

            string[] resources = new string[] { path }; // Just checking on one resource.

            res = RmRegisterResources(handle, (uint)resources.Length, resources, 0, null, 0, null);

            if (res != 0) throw new Exception("Could not register resource.");

            //Note: there's a race condition here -- the first call to RmGetList() returns
            //      the total number of process. However, when we call RmGetList() again to get
            //      the actual processes this number may have increased.
            res = RmGetList(handle, out pnProcInfoNeeded, ref pnProcInfo, null, ref lpdwRebootReasons);

            if (res == ERROR_MORE_DATA)
            {
                // Create an array to store the process results
                RM_PROCESS_INFO[] processInfo = new RM_PROCESS_INFO[pnProcInfoNeeded];
                pnProcInfo = pnProcInfoNeeded;

                // Get the list
                res = RmGetList(handle, out pnProcInfoNeeded, ref pnProcInfo, processInfo, ref lpdwRebootReasons);
                if (res == 0)
                {
                    processes = new List<Process>((int)pnProcInfo);

                    // Enumerate all of the results and add them to the 
                    // list to be returned
                    for (int i = 0; i < pnProcInfo; i++)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            processes.Add(Process.GetProcessById(processInfo[i].Process.dwProcessId));
                        }
                        // catch the error -- in case the process is no longer running
                        catch (ArgumentException) { }
                    }
                }
                else throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource.");
            }
            else if (res != 0) throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource. Failed to get size of result.");
        }
        finally
        {
            RmEndSession(handle);
        }

        return processes;
    }
}