« Csharp 8 » : différence entre les versions

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(Page créée avec « Category:CSharp = Liens = * [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/whats-new/csharp-8 What's new in C# 8.0] »)
 
 
(28 versions intermédiaires par le même utilisateur non affichées)
Ligne 2 : Ligne 2 :
= Liens =
= Liens =
* [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/whats-new/csharp-8 What's new in C# 8.0]
* [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/whats-new/csharp-8 What's new in C# 8.0]
* [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-gb/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/configure-language-version C# language versioning]
= [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/switch-expression Switch expression] =
<kode lang='cs'>
string myVar;
switch (i)
{
    case 1:
        myVar = "One";
        break;
    case 2:
    case 3:
        myVar = "Two-Three";
        break;
    case var x when x > 0 && x < 10:
        myVar = "Zero-Ten";
        break;
    default:
        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(i), i);
}
var myVar = i switch
{
    1 => "One",
    2 or 3 => "Two-Three",
    > 0 and < 10 => "Zero-Ten",
    _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(i), i)
};
</kode>
= Using declaration =
<kode lang='cs'>
using (var file = new StreamWriter("MyFile.txt"))
{
    // some code
} // file is disposed here
void MyMethod()
{
    using var file = new StreamWriter("MyFile.txt");
    // some code
    // file is disposed here, at the end of the enclosing scope
}
</kode>
= Static local function =
<kode lang='cs'>
int x = 5;
int y = 7;
return Add(x, y);
// Can be static because it doesn't access any variables in the enclosing scope
static int Add(int left, int right) => left + right;
</kode>
= [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/tutorials/generate-consume-asynchronous-stream Asynchronous streams / async yield] =
<kode lang='cs'>
public static async IAsyncEnumerable<int> GenerateSequence()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
    {
        await Task.Delay(100);
        yield return i;
    }
}
await foreach (var number in GenerateSequence())
{
    Console.WriteLine(number);
}
</kode>
= Indices and ranges =
<kode lang='cs'>
var latest = myList[^1];
var secondToFour = myList[2..5];
var lastTwo = myList[^2..^0];
var firstThree = myList[..4];
var allExceptFirst = myList[2..];
</kode>
= Null-coalescing assignment / ?? <nowiki>=</nowiki> =
<kode lang='cs'>
int? i = null;
i = i == null ? 20 : i;
i = i ?? 20;
i ??= 20;  // assign 20 to i if i is null
</kode>
= [https://www.meziantou.net/csharp-8-nullable-reference-types.htm Nullable reference type] =
<filebox fn='MyProject.csproj' lang='xml'>
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.1</TargetFramework>
    <!-- add this line to enable it -->
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
</filebox>
Now by default everything is non nullable. If you want to declare a type as accepting null values, you need to add {{boxx|?}} after the type.
<kode lang='cs'>
string s1 = null;  // Warning: Converting null literal or possible null value to non-nullable type.
string? s2 = null; // ok
// null-forgiving operator
Console.WriteLine(s2!.Length);  // in this case we know that s2 is not null, so we can use "!" to instruct the compiler "s2" is not null here
// allow null even if the type is not nullable
public void MyMethod([AllowNull]ref string value)
{ }
// disallow null even if the type is nullable
public void MyMethod([DisallowNull]ref string? value)
{ }
private string s1 = "";
// allow null for setter even if the type is not nullable
[AllowNull]
public string S1
{
    get => s1;
    set => s1 = value ?? "";
}
</kode>
= [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56651472/does-c-sharp-8-support-the-net-framework .NET Framework] =
The {{boxx|C# 8}} / {{boxx|.NET Framework}} combination is not officially supported by Microsoft.<br>
It can be forced by editing the csproj file.
<filebox fn='MyProject.csproj' lang='xml'>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="15.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.7.2</TargetFrameworkVersion>
    <LangVersion>8.0</LangVersion>
</filebox>
* {{boxx|default interface members}} won't work
* {{boxx|asynchronous streams}} and {{boxx|indices and ranges}} will need {{boxx|polyfill}} nuget package

Dernière version du 20 octobre 2024 à 12:57

Liens

Switch expression

Cs.svg 
string myVar;
switch (i)
{
    case 1:
        myVar = "One";
        break;
    case 2:
    case 3:
        myVar = "Two-Three";
        break;
    case var x when x > 0 && x < 10:
        myVar = "Zero-Ten";
        break;
    default:
        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(i), i);
}

var myVar = i switch
{
    1 => "One",
    2 or 3 => "Two-Three",
    > 0 and < 10 => "Zero-Ten",
    _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(i), i)
};

Using declaration

Cs.svg 
using (var file = new StreamWriter("MyFile.txt"))
{
    // some code
} // file is disposed here

void MyMethod()
{
    using var file = new StreamWriter("MyFile.txt");
    // some code

    // file is disposed here, at the end of the enclosing scope
}

Static local function

Cs.svg 
int x = 5;
int y = 7;
return Add(x, y);

// Can be static because it doesn't access any variables in the enclosing scope
static int Add(int left, int right) => left + right;

Asynchronous streams / async yield

Cs.svg 
public static async IAsyncEnumerable<int> GenerateSequence()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
    {
        await Task.Delay(100);
        yield return i;
    }
}

await foreach (var number in GenerateSequence())
{
    Console.WriteLine(number);
}

Indices and ranges

Cs.svg 
var latest = myList[^1];
var secondToFour = myList[2..5];
var lastTwo = myList[^2..^0];
var firstThree = myList[..4];
var allExceptFirst = myList[2..];

Null-coalescing assignment / ?? =

Cs.svg 
int? i = null;

i = i == null ? 20 : i;
i = i ?? 20;

i ??= 20;  // assign 20 to i if i is null

Nullable reference type

MyProject.csproj 
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.1</TargetFramework>
    <!-- add this line to enable it -->
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>

Now by default everything is non nullable. If you want to declare a type as accepting null values, you need to add ? after the type.

Cs.svg 
string s1 = null;  // Warning: Converting null literal or possible null value to non-nullable type.
string? s2 = null; // ok

// null-forgiving operator
Console.WriteLine(s2!.Length);  // in this case we know that s2 is not null, so we can use "!" to instruct the compiler "s2" is not null here

// allow null even if the type is not nullable
public void MyMethod([AllowNull]ref string value)
{ }

// disallow null even if the type is nullable
public void MyMethod([DisallowNull]ref string? value)
{ }

private string s1 = "";
// allow null for setter even if the type is not nullable
[AllowNull]
public string S1
{
    get => s1;
    set => s1 = value ?? "";
}

.NET Framework

The C# 8 / .NET Framework combination is not officially supported by Microsoft.
It can be forced by editing the csproj file.

MyProject.csproj 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="15.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.7.2</TargetFrameworkVersion>
    <LangVersion>8.0</LangVersion>
  • default interface members won't work
  • asynchronous streams and indices and ranges will need polyfill nuget package
Récupérée de « http://wiki.bananeatomic.fr/index.php?title=Csharp_8&oldid=31161 »